Similar processes can occur on the mucous membrane of the genitourinary organs, lungs, and liver. Inflammation of the lungs with agranulocytosis has an atypical course. Large abscesses form in the lung tissue, gangrene develops. Patients have cough, shortness of breath, chest pain.

Necrotic ulcerative changes in the oral mucosa are caused by its high population density and uncontrolled reproduction of saprophytic microflora. Inflammation of the pharynx, tonsils and gums quickly becomes necrotic. Bacteria accumulate and multiply under the films.

The disease in children is chronic. Exacerbations are accompanied by the appearance of ulcers on the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx. With an increase in granulocytes in the blood, remission occurs. As the child grows older, the symptoms gradually subside.

Diagnostics of agronulocytosis is mainly laboratory. Experts pay attention to the main complaints of patients: fever, hemorrhages and ulcerative necrotic foci on the mucous membrane.

Diagnostic measures to detect chloroquine: General clinical blood test - leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia. General clinical analysis of urine - proteinuria, cylindruria. Sternal puncture, myelogram, immunogram. Blood test for sterility at the peak of hyperthermia. Consultation of narrow specialists - an ENT doctor and a dentist. Radiography of the lungs.

Treatment of patients with chloroquine is complex, including a number of measures: To prevent the development of agranulocytosis, it is necessary to carefully monitor the blood picture during treatment with myelotoxic drugs, during radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Such patients needI can eat foods that restore bone marrow function. To do this, the diet should include fatty fish, chicken eggs, walnuts, chicken meat, carrots, beets, apples, freshly squeezed vegetable and fruit juices, seaweed, avocado, spinach. For prophylactic purposes, vitamins should be taken that support the immune system at an optimal level.

The prognosis of chloroquine depends on the course of the underlying disease. With the development of septic complications, it becomes unfavorable. The disease can lead to permanent disability and even death of the patient.

chloroquine is a syndrome characterized by a sharp decrease in granulocytes in the blood (less than 1x109 / l, normally 6.8x109 / l), including neutrophils below 0.5-1x109 / l (normally 1.8-6 , 5 × 109 / l). Agranulocytosis is a variant of neutropenia in which there is a decrease in neutrophils in the blood. Neutrophils are part of the body's immune system, and this makes the immune system weaker and more vulnerable to various infections.

This condition threatens with dangerous complications, and can be the cause of death. Even a common runny nose in such patients can be complicated by sepsis and coma, therefore agranulocytosis is a complex pathology and needs careful study and prevention.

chloroquine is divided into immune, myelotoxic and genuinic. Immune agranulocytosis appears through the formation of antigranulocyte antibodies to granulocytes. And thanks to this, their number in the blood decreases. Immune agranulocytosis is divided into haptenic and autoimmune.

chloroquine haptenic manifests itself with the use of drugs (haptens), such as pain relievers, antibiotics, tuberculosis drugs and others. In the autoimmune form, antibodies to granulocytes are produced with their subsequent destruction. This autoimmune process can be observed in various autoimmune diseases.

With myelotoxic agranulocytosis, the production of young granulocyte cells in the bone marrow is inhibited, and this leads to a reduced content of granulocytes in the blood. Genoic agranulocytosis is a form without an established cause.

Acute agranulocytosis does not manifest itself symptomatically, only in the laboratory. The patient's well-being worsens only with the addition of complications, for example, a severe infection (sepsis, necrotizing tonsillitis, abscess pneumonia, ulcerative stomatitis), which occurs due to lowered immunity.

In the first 2-3 days, with a reduced number of chloroquine, the patient feels good and his body temperature is normal, but if agranulocytosis lasts more than 6-7 days, the patient's condition worsens, and dangerous infectious complications develop.

The patient's well-being is determined by the number of reduced granulocytes in the blood. At low numbers, the syndrome is more severe. With a small decrease in granulocytes, infection may not develop if normal living conditions are maintained and infections that surround chloroquine are excluded. But if the patient is in the hospital, then even the slightest decrease in chloroquine in the blood can be complicated by severe infections.

Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other bacteria can cause an infection that complicates agranulocytosis. Symptomatically, this is manifested by an increase in temperature to 40-41 ° C, severe headache, vomiting, muscle pain, clouding of consciousness, weight loss, redness of the skin, a sharp drop in blood pressure. Also, small, dark lesions can form on the skin, which rise above the skin (more often with Pseudomonas aeruginosa).

The next formidable complication that occurs in agranulocytosis is necrotizing enteropathy. Symptomatically, this is manifested by frequent loose stools, cramping abdominal pains, bloating, high fever, vomiting, and general weakness. Ulcers sometimes form and may rupture.

Thrombocytopenia and anemia are also considered complications of agranulocytosis. They are most common in autoimmune agranulocytosis, as antibodies are produced against platelets and red blood cells. Symptomatically, thrombocytopenia is manifested by bleeding (hemorrhagic syndrome), and anemia is manifested by dizziness, weakness, headache, pallor of the skin, tachycardia (fast heartbeat), etc.

A child is an extraordinary organism, which is always more sensitive to all external favorable and unfavorable factors, and the response to these factors is twice as high as that of an adult. Therefore, you need to be more attentive and circumspect towards children. Any pediatrician, after a child's illness (any infection, otitis media, colds), should send the mother and child for a general blood test to prevent a decrease in leukocytes (granulocytes, neutrophils).